Beluga whales predominantly feed on fish, but their diet may vary depending on their location and the availability of food. Their preferred fish species include salmon, herring, cod, and capelin, and they are also known to consume other small fish and invertebrates such as squid and shrimp.

Beluga whales are opportunistic feeders, which means they will consume any prey that is abundant and easily accessible in their environment. They use a variety of feeding techniques, such as herding fish into shallow waters or stunning them with their tail flukes before consuming them.

In some regions, beluga whales may also consume crustaceans such as crabs and amphipods, as well as mollusks like clams and mussels. Their diet can be influenced by factors such as seasonality, migration patterns of their prey, and the specific ecosystem they inhabit.